Essay on Characteristics that Accompany Fetal Alcohol...

Characteristics that Accompany Fetal Alcohol Syndrome There are different characteristics that accompany fetal alcohol syndrome or FAS in the different stages of a childs life. At birth, infants with intrauterine exposure to alcohol frequently have low birth rate; pre-term delivery; a small head circumference; and the characteristic facial features of the eyes, nose, and mouth (Phelps, 1995). Some of the facial abnormalities that are common of children with FAS are: small head size, small eye openings, broad nasal bridge, flattened mid-faces, thin upper lip, skin folds at the corners of the eyes, indistinct groove on the upper lip, low nasal ridge, and an abnormal smallness of the lower jaw (Wekselman, Spiering, Hetteberg,†¦show more content†¦There are many behavioral characteristics that are common among children with FAS. The most common characteristic is hyperactivity (Phelps, 1995). Hyperactivity is found in 85% of FAS-affected children regardless of IQ(Wekeselman 1995). School failure, behavior management difficulties , and safety issues are some of the problems associated with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. Another behavioral abnormality of with children with FAS, is social problems. Specific difficulties included inability to respect personal boundaries, inappropriately affectionate, demanding of attention, bragging, stubborn, poor peer relations, and overly tactile in social interactions (Phelps, 1995). Children are sometimes not diagnosed with FAS until they reach kindergarten and are in a real school setting. School-aged children with FAS still have most of the same physical and mental problems that were diagnosed when they were younger. The craniofacial malformations is one of the only physical characteristic that diminishes during late childhood (Phelps, 1995). Several studies have evaluated specific areas of cognitive dysfunction in school-age children exposed parentally to alcohol. Researchers have substantiated: (a) short term memory deficits in verbal and visual ma terial; (b) inadequate processing of information, reflected sparse integration of information and poor quality of responses; (c) inflexible approaches to problem solving; and (d)Show MoreRelatedAlcohol Use For Disease Control And Prevention1446 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Alcohol Use in Pregnancy.† CDC. 17 April 2014. Web. 20 April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. The article suggests that â€Å"women also should not drink alcohol if they are sexually active and do not use effective contraception (birth control). This is because a women might get pregnant and expose her baby to alcohol before the mother knows she is pregnant.Read MoreThe Problem Of Being Born Addicted937 Words   |  4 Pagesevery couple, whether they be newlyweds or not, at some point discusses and dreams of having a little bundle of joy to bring into the world and expand their little family. They long for the gift of a baby and the responsibilities of parenthood that accompany it. Most couples or single parents will do anything and everything to protect their child/children and give them the world. However, not everyone does so. A growing problem, not only in my area, but across the United States is infant s being bornRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1984 Words   |  8 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) are identified as a category of birth disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. These can include physical or intellectual anomalies, such as cardiac, skeletal, visual, aural, and fine or gross motor problems. (Callanan, 2013) Prevention would involve alcohol use prevention programs for women who are pregnant, and treatment for FAS and FASD would be aimed at helping those affected realize their full potential through bothRead MoreThe Effects Of Fetal Alcohol On Pregnancy Essay1986 Words   |  8 Pagesconsume alcohol despite the warnings of possible birth defects? Many are familiar with the Just Say No campaign spearheaded by Nancy Reagan in the 1980 s to prevent drug and alcohol use among teens. However, many turn a blind eye to the warnings of the surgeon general stating alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in birt h defects. When a pregnant woman consumes alcohol, she puts her fetus at risk from mild to severe physical, mental and cognitive disabilities. Fetal alcohol spectrumRead MoreEffects of Alcohol on the Family2174 Words   |  9 PagesAlcohol Dependence, also known as alcoholism, is a very widespread disabling addictive disorder, affecting 4% of Canadians. Alcoholism may start innocuously, due to the acceptability of social drinking, but over time, can lead to serious health problems, including brain, kidney and liver damage. Although alcoholics seem to be doing the most damage to themselves, they are hurting their families even more. Lesser-known, but just as serious victims of alcohol abuse are the alcoholics’ children. TheRead MoreSummary Of All Families In Later Life1723 Words   |  7 Pagesgiven metropolitan area is arguably not a labor market characteristic per se, it is a structural factor (much like welfare benefit levels) that varies across labor markets and that m ay modify individual labor market outcomes. Increasing levels of racial residential segregation may increase minority poverty by limiting access to employment opportunities. Furthermore, in highly segregated areas, the racial discrimination that often accompanies segregation (Massey and Denton 1993) often makes it harderRead MoreHistorical Perspective of Alcoholism2104 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Alcohol is the oldest and still probably the most widely used drug today. Some consider alcohol as an opponent but many consider it as an ally. Moderate amounts stimulate the mind and relax the muscles, but larger amounts impair coordination and judgment, finally producing coma and death. It is an addictive drug leading to alcoholism. Alcohol is known since antiquity to have some therapeutic value. Opium and alcohol had long been used as analgesics. Greek medicine had employed wineRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 PagesIneffective coping. B. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements. C. Imbalaneed nutrition: More than body requirements. D. Interrupted family processes. 5. The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy. To manage dumping syndrome, the nurse should advise the client to A. restrict fluid intake to 1 qt (1,000 mL)/day. B. drink liquids only with meals. C. don t drink liquids 2 hours before meals. D. drink liquids only between m eals. 6. A client seeks care for low back painRead MorePsy 244 Essay10464 Words   |  42 Pagesthe child) Continuity vs. discontinuity- each new event builds on earlier experiences vs. series of discrete steps or stages in which behaviors get reorganized into qualitatively new set of behaviors Situational influences vs. individual characteristics Cultural universals vs. cultural relativism Risk and resilience What are the contrasting ideas, or principles, about development to which each theme refers? 2. In his theory of mental development, what position on the theme of continuity-discontinuityRead MoreUnit 2 study guide8637 Words   |  35 Pagesneuropathies. neuropathic pain- results from primary injury to the peripheral or central nervous system and is not the result of pain signaling from peripheral tissues or organs peripheral neuropathic pain- caused by peripheral nerve trauma, diabetic or alcohol abuse-induced neuropathy, carcinoma, nutritional deficiencies, and HIV. central neuropathic pain- caused by a lesion or dysfunction in the CNS hemiagnosia pain- form of central pain associated with stroke that produces paralysis and hypersensitivity/allodynia

Privilege And Oppression Concepts That Provides...

Privilege and oppression are concepts that provides clarification on people’s experience. They both contribute to intersectionality which explain notion that people’s perspectives and experiences differ in term of the categories of identity. Each person may experience privilege and/ or oppression from institutional structures depending on their situations. It mean that systems of privilege and oppression can intersect and a person could experience privilege and oppression simultaneously. These systems are influence by the micro level and micro level of people’s lives and experiences. Privilege, oppression, and intersectionality affect people’s experiences of key social issues, such as rape culture and beauty norms and appearance standards. These issue will be discussed in this essay. Privilege and oppression provides a framework for understanding how institutional structures and ideologies shapes individual experiences. Privilege and oppression also explains â€Å"how power operates in society† which led to the formation of â€Å"a dominant group and a marginalized group† (Launius and Hassel, Threshold Concepts, 72-73). â€Å"Oppression can be defined as prejudice and discrimination directed toward a group and perpetuated by the ideologies and practices of multiple social institutions† (Launius and Hassel, Threshold Concepts, 73). While, privilege refers to the â€Å"benefits, advantages, and power that accrue to members of a dominant group as a result of the oppression of marginalized group†,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Pluralism and the Universality of Rights5959 Words   |  24 Pagescultures. The interests and the attitudes, the experiences and the world-views of reasonable persons (the concrete individuals) have in modern societi es become pluralistic. The constitutional state, the fundamental and human rights are - under the conditions of factual pluralism (1) - the answer to the question of how to achieve a more just world. In the following paper I would like to draw your attention to some of the issues linked to the concept of law in pluralistic societies. In three stepsRead MoreNstp Handouts13038 Words   |  53 Pagesundergoing training in any of its three (3) program components. †¢ What are the three (3) program components of NSTP? 1. Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) – is a program institutionalized under section 38 and 39 of RA 7077 designed to provide military training to tertiary-level students in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for defense preparedness. 2. Literacy Training Service (LTS) – is a program designed to train students to become teachers of literacy andRead MoreThe White Man s Burden10652 Words   |  43 Pageshave the urge to defend it’ Étienne De La Boà ©tie Take up the White Man s burden– Ye dare not stoop to less– Nor call too loud on Freedom To cloke yourRead MoreLanguage Loss4065 Words   |  17 Pagessurvival. As a repository of knowledge, an expression of culture, and a symbolic embodiment of a way of life, the loss of a language speaks for itself. Although some Aboriginal languages are on the brink of extinction in Canada, regrettably, not many people are listening to the last cries of the voices that are quickly vanishing. I will explore the reasons why this is the case. Firstly I will delve into the roots of language, as a vehicle by which the essence of each particular culture comes into coherenceRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 PagesTurner 97 JNM: Morality and the Rule of Law in the Foreign Policy of the Democracies 100 Notes on DA Koplow: assignment 12 104 CHAPTER 1: National Security Law and the Role of Tipson 1NATIONAL SECURITY AND THE ROLE OF LAW (Tipson) Goal Clarification: What is National Security? -National Security - Possible Definitions (Difficult to define) -Safety from foreign coercion or intimidation -UN Charter Article 2(4) - prohibition against â€Å"the threat or use of force against the political independenceRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesscholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectivesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagescompanies in the United States and throughout the world? How can companies renew and sustain those factors in the face of the business slowdowns and major fluctuations that challenge the longterm continuation of profitable earnings? As we continue to experience the twenty-first century’s economic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any

Organizational Behavior HRM

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Behavior For HRM ? Answer : Introduction In a business setting, there are various written and unwritten codes of conduct that dictate and guide the conduct of people in an organization that is responsible for the maintenance and enhancement of inter- relationships between employees, employers, customers as well as the outside world. The organizational behavior is defined by Levy (2006) as the study of human behave in a corporate environment and the organization itself. Individuals exhibit different behaviors when acting their roles within the organization than when acting separately from the organization. Human behaviors are unique and independent from person to person. Theories help in conceptualizing the human behavior. C11 It is evident that in an organization, some employees will raise concerns regard to dissatisfaction in their workplace. For instance, employees may be dissatisfied about uncooperative managers and supervisors in the place of work or low compensation rates. Dissatisfaction at the workplace is a big concern because some employees will opt to leave their jobs especially if they happen to find better opportunities (Rose, 2017). An organization may retain employees for a long term if they provide motivation to them and value them as valuable assets to the corporation. Motivated employees develop a positive attitude towards their job resulting in productivity. Moreover, it is essential for the manager to dig the reasons why the employees are dissatisfied and considerably come up with the best solution. Rose (2017) identifies that underpayment is always the primary reason why workers are always dissatisfied. Employees lack interest and become unhappy. Additionally, some individuals hate mon otonous jobs which happen to generate boredom thus they end up having little incentive to concern them with productivity. It is said that happier employees are more productive in their workplace. An experiment conducted in Britain consisting of 700 people by the Social Market Foundation showed that productivity of employees increased up to 12% and it also went on higher to 20% above the level of control (Melissa, 2014). For decades the link between the employees attitude and their performances is known. One finding showed that decreasing the number of working hours saw that productivity tended to improve in the long run. Other behavioral outcomes such as real-world shocks ranging from mourning as well as matters that are connected to families are also connected with employees performances. There is a causal link between decreased employees performance and their unhappiness which had an effect which can last up to two years. Dr. Sgroi suggests that scientific support that is meant for generating happiness cycles by the workforce is seen to improve employees performances. C12 Job characteristics theory developed by Hackman and Oldham is on the basis that task itself is crucial in employee motivation. They say that tedious, as well as monotonous jobs, wears away motivation to perform better and on the other hand, those jobs that are challenging are associated with motivation. In this case, then job challenges should be encouraged, and the two ways that this is possible is through job enrichment and job rotations. According to the theory, there are five key features of tasks which are; task significance, task identity, skill variety, feedback, and autonomy. All the five characteristics have a psychological state such as; experienced meaningfulness, knowledge of the actual results as well as experienced responsibilities. The combination of the five job characteristics forms a motivating potential score for a job which can be used as a potential to gauge how a particular situation is affecting an employees attitude as well as the behavior. It is said that every job has the five characteristics to either a greater or a lesser extent. The work of the job design matches the work performed by the employees to the characteristics. I can help employees in DrainFlow commercial plumbing and maintenance firm more satisfied with their work through many ways. First I would increase their pay. The pay increase is always associated with increased motivation to the workers. Another thing improves morale is reduced number of working hours. Employees are always said to feel motivated when they have the number of their working hours reduced and will thus try their level best to do their work better. C13 According to Robbins (2009) motivation is one of the most practical tools that inspire excellent service by employees which results in the achievement of the set goals and objectives. Empowering the employees motivates the staff, therefore, increasing their productivity. Motivation is an important aspect since it assists them in understanding and management of the work behavior and the supervisor. To ascertain and reach the desired level of performance of the employees, the organization should consider using various incentives such as financial incentives in the program. Employees are given rewards in exchange for their work in the organization since they bring in their talents, experience, skills, commitment, integrity, effort and goodwill. Financial incentives act as a motivation tool to affect the performance of employees, where managers offer rewards and benefits such as increased wages and salaries, fringe benefit and perquisites based on employee performance (Robbins, 2009). They also come in the form of commissions, bonuses, which are determined by the illegibility of employees to be given such so as to improve efficiency and boost employee productivity. Use of monetary incentives, therefore, have many pros such that it acts as an effective, straightforward means of influencing primary employee behavior such as time keeping as well as employees initiative to work extra time so as to meet deadlines (Vroom, 2008). It also acts as a way of improving employee morale and retention, since some employees have skills, knowledge, and experience that is not readily available in the market and would take more time to train others. Monetary incentives act as a quick and fast tool for accomplishing short-term organizational sh ort-term goals and objectives because they help improve employees attitude towards their positions and jobs as well as improving the working conditions, which as a result increases employee productivity as well as help counter behavior problems. Having said this, it would be advisable for Lee Reynaldo to introduce or suggest the use of the monetary incentive mechanism to improve the performance of the plumbers and the office workers so as to improve job satisfaction for the customers (Levy, 2006). However, Lee Renaldo should not make a hasty decision into using a lot of funds into motivating employee performance through monetary incentives. This is because they may fail to accomplish the desired motivational motive and rather be interpreted as a right and staff may end up feeling entitled to such by right and not by eligibility. More so, they can create frustrations in employees if there are perceptions of poor performance from particular individuals, and thus can be de-motivating, such that the program does not fulfill the intended objective. In case problems arise as a result of implementing financial incentive programs so as to achieve customer satisfaction goals, Lee Reynaldo and the company can decide to take another turn and use alternative methods of motivation such as non-monetary privileges such as recognition, good working conditions for plumbers and office workers, training and career advancement opportunities. The opportunities presented will be essential in the long run benefits the company, employees as well as customer satisfaction. Recognizing an employee enhances motivation to perform to the full capacity in the workplace towards attaining the goals set. It is important to note that motivation varies from one person to the other. References Levy, P. (2006). Industrial/organizational psychology: Understanding the workplace. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Melissa, H. (2014 , March 21 ). New study shows we work harder when we are happy . Retrieved March 17, 2017, from Warwick: https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/newsandevents/pressreleases/new_study_shows/ Robbins, S. (2009). Organisational Behavior. Cape Town: Pearson. Rose, J. (2017). Key Reasons for Job Dissatisfaction and Poor Employee Performance. Retrieved March 17, 2017, from Chron: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/key-reasons-job- dissatisfaction-poor-employee-performance-25846.html Vroom, V. (2008). Work and Motivation. New York: John Wiley.

Popular Music Revolution free essay sample

Communists and led most to conform to a common societal standard. When the nation emerged from this era, teenagers sought to rebel against their parental authorities. They created everything from new styles of clothing to new styles of music to promote their newfound individuality. The new style of music evolving at the time was called Rock and Roll. Rock has been influenced by country music, by the blues, by classical music, by calypso, by rotational folk styles, and by a variety of other music conventions (Bell v). This variety reflects the varied backgrounds of young people at the time. Early successes In this new music genre Included Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, and Chuck Berry. This music only succeeded because the conditions In society and the pollens of the youth in that time period allowed it to succeed. This music revolution is not unique.Similar revolutions will occur if and when the circumstances permit. This music revolution is not unique. Similar revolutions will occur if and when the circumstances permit. Modern music is going this direction, but has not reached the point of a new genre as of yet because conditions in so-city have not allowed a radical change.One of the most obvious elements which separates rock music from previous forms of musical expression is a dominant rhythm accenting a strong beat. Rhythm is defined as a basic element of music concerned with the duration of tones and the stresses or accents placed upon them (Columbia Encyclopedia). Rhythm, developed in the 1 12th century, was not a new phenomenon; however, previously, the only musical genre to place so much emphasis on rhythm was Rhythm and Blues, from which rock derived much of its sound patterns.To get enough protest from teens to start a music revolution, another major war must be fought. Conscription must be reinstated in the united States. Deaths of friends and family is usually enough to anger the population. Another factor that must be present is an overwhelming feeling of conformity. The early sass were a time when teens and adults all dressed in the same way, acted in the same way, and listened to the same music. These conditions must be present for another musical revolution to occur.A major difference in rock music to the prior music of the time was the instruct- imitation. Rock and roll placed a heavy emphasis on the guitar as musical expression. Jazz musicians used the electric guitar frequently, but it became very widespread with rock music. The formula for a rock band became an attar, an electric bass guitar, and a drum set. The common instrumentation led to a common sound between different bands. While most rock songs sounded different from each other, the instrumentation led to a familiar feeling in the genre. In the 0705, artists manipulated their sound more frequently in the recording studio to create distinct sounds. Pink Floods Darkies of the Moon album had a different sound than the generic rock formula. The trend toward electronics in the sass features bands such as The Prodigy and Orbital using sounds manipulated in recording studios by computers. The electric guitar itself has also evolved considerably. It is very common now to use multiple guitar effects in one song. The sound is distorted for a dif-efferent feel in the music.Different guitar styles have also evolved. Reggae and ask are off-shoots of rock music which came from the need for a different sound. These styles accent the offbeats in the rhythm rather than the standard accentuation of the beat. The strings on the guitar are picked up rather than down, allowing the higher pitched strings to be played first. Most of these changes occurred because artists and listeners ere tired of conforming with society, they were hungry for a change so they took the initiative and oaf-effected the music themselves.All of this evolution in instrumentation amounts to the fact that the elements for another music revolution do exist, but there must be a catalyst for change to bring them into effect. Many of the elements for a new musical revolution are present in society and the music industry. Different types of instrumentation and playing styles are becoming more popular with artists and listeners alike. This will eventually allow for a complete change in the sound of music heard y the public. The lyrics of modern songs indicate unruliness and anger among musicians.This indicates that the attitudes exist and it is possible that out of this overwhelming desire to resist authority, new songs will be written in new styles that may eventually lead to a new genre. The feeling that does not exist is the feeling that all citizens are the same and that they are conforming to societal standards. With increase-ins censorship of the Internet and privacy being infringed upon with new anti-terrorist laws, this feeling may begin to take hold of the nation. It IS not within the foreseeable, however, because these issues do not affect most of the population.Music is a medium of expression for all people, so the peoples music must speak to the people. Smaller changes have been made to rock music in the last forty-five years. If this genre is so malleable, then change must come frequently. Once the elements are in place, music will undergo a change. Rock music evolved out of conditions in society. If these conditions exist again, another music revolution will occur. Many of the elements are already in place, it is only a matter of time before the change.

Richard III Essays (826 words) - Shakespearean Histories

Richard III What Richard III did was Right, or Wrong King Richard III, in my opinion, was a greedy, yet determined man who would do whatever it took to achieve the position of king of England. What he did to get to this position was wrong, however, how he went about achieving what he wanted shows that he had intelligence. Having to kill a family member to get to where he wanted to be, did not even stop him. I believe that him doing this was very dishonorable. Even the book, Shakespeare and the Renaissance Code of Honor says "dishonor is worse than death." In this same book I found a piece of information saying "If the renaissance aristocracy loved and pursued honor intensely, and with it's whole being. It follows logically that dishonor was the one thing in life which could not be tolerated." Another quote from the same book on honor says "Since honor was so highly esteemed not only to one's own life, but also the lives of those close and dear to oneself, might be sacrificed in order to maintain one's reputation", which is almost exactly what Richard did. As stated above, in my opinion, I think that what Richard III did to achieve his position was wrong, but he does have a massive amount of intelligence to be able to pull off his master plan. His goal is to become the King of England, and he would go to any means necessary to get this. Although what he did proved to be morally in correct, the also proved to be intelligent ideas. For example, he sees a path he can take that will lead him right to the thrown, but his brother, Clarence, is next in line to inherit it. What Richard does to prevent this from happening is he has his own brother murdered. That, in my views, is one of the most dishonorable things he does in the play. Yet he executes this plan very wisely. The reason behind this being that he hired two hit-men to do it for him, and the authorities have no way of pinning this crime on Richard. From one internet site Richard in the Mirror of the Centuries, it says, "Shakespeare's characterization of Richard III has been accepted as a historical portrait ? a portrait of the most wicked of English kings. The question is, whether this is not rather exaggerated?" After reading further in this document, I find that it blatantly says "From the very first beginning, in the opening soliloquy, Richard tells the spectators about his own wickedness and he really does prove a villain! He verifies the impression we get in the first scene throughout the drama by acting and thinking the way he does. Always doing what he was"promised" before, he appears to be an unscrupulous person ? a night-mare king." Which supports my opinion which says what he does is wrong. There is also another type of honor that I see broken in this play, and that's honor to your family. If he honored his family, he would let things take the course they are supposed to take, and let his brother Clarence take over as King. I found a quote in the book Shakespeare and the Renaissance Concept of Honor, by a man by the name of Castiglione, and the quote says "for it is a great deal less dispraise for him that is not born a gentleman to fail in the acts of virtue, than for a gentleman. If he swerve from the steps of his ancestors, he has straineth the name of his family." In addition to this quote, I would like to mention that this book also says "Loyalty to one's family is placed ahead of obedience." So according to these teaching, what Richard did, just killing his brother, appears to be very dishonorable, and that is aside from everything else that he did. In conclusion to my essay would like to say that there seems to be plenty of facts, in books, that proves my opinion which is, what Richard did was wrong. According to the Elizabethan Laws, All the things that he did was extremely dishonorable. All the facts that I found in my references are true facts, they are not laws that are made for the story. I can see how the laws, or teaching have changed from back in the Elizabethan time, and now. For an interesting thought, I think that these acts, to a certain extent,

Review of Maria Full of Grace

Review of Maria Full of Grace Maria Full of Grace (Marà ­a, llena eres de gracia in Spanish-language markets) is a 2004 HBO Films release about a 17-year-old Colombian girl who becomes a drug mule, transporting drugs to the United States in her digestive system. The film was released in the United States in Spanish with English subtitles. Review of Maria Full of Grace Drug mules, those people who transport illicit drugs to the United States in the most dangerous way possible, are often portrayed as unsavory characters. Marà ­a Alvarez, the drug mule portrayed in Maria Full of Grace, doesnt fit the stereotype and may be more typical. She is a young resident of Colombia, working hard for not very much money, who sees a quick way of picking up some much-needed cash. Catalina Sandino Moreno, who portrays Marà ­a, does as much as any actor could to help us understand what its like to be a drug mule. She appears in nearly every frame of this film, and even though this was her first film, the native Colombian, born in Bogot, received a much-deserved Academy Award nomination as best actress for her role. As the story develops, Marà ­a is sometimes scared, sometimes naive, sometimes street-wise, sometimes confident, sometimes merely faking it. Sandino takes on all those emotions with seeming ease. What is interesting about Joshua Marstons writing and direction of this film is that it always avoids the cheap shots and the sensationalism that would be so easy in a film of this type. Much of the film is underplayed. It would have been easy to fill this film with fright scenes and gratuitous violence. Instead, Marston lets us see life as it is lived by the characters. Just as Marà ­a is, we are forced to imagine some of the off-screen violence, and in the end, the reality is much more frightening. Marston and/or HBO made the right choice in filming the movie in Spanish; in English, the film may have been more commercially successful, but it would have lost much of its realism and therefore its impact. Instead, Maria Full of Grace was one of the best films of 2004. Content Advisory As would be expected, Maria Full of Grace includes various dont-try-this-at-home scenes of drug ingestion. Despite moments of high tension, there is little on-screen violence, although there is off-screen violence that could be upsetting to some. There is no nudity, although there are references to premarital sex. Vulgar and/or offensive language is used on occasion. The film would probably be appropriate for most adults and older teens. Linguistic Note Even if youre fairly new to Spanish, you may notice something unusual about the dialogue in this film: Even when speaking to close friends and family members, the characters dont use tà º, the familiar form of you, as would be expected. Instead, they use the more formal usted. Such use of usted is one of the distinctive characteristics of Colombian Spanish. The few times you do hear tà º used in this film, it comes across as a put-down of sorts.

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HRM - Essay Example Only a manger with outstanding skill can identify the required changes right way. If a company fails to understand the required changes, it would confront with crises as it misunderstands the symptoms as real issues to be addressed. The following part of the paper will discuss how a company can identify the need for change from its internal and external environments. 1. Unusual decline in turnover: this is the basic sign that would prompt every firm to identify the range of business profitability. Organizations usually review previous years’ audited balance sheet with intent to investigate the prevailing business trend as well as the organizational sustainability. In the same way if the operational cost is found exceeding the profit derived from the business, it indicates the need for some strategic changes in the business operation. However, the specific area of change can be identified only through further scrutiny. Presumably, most of the problems, no matter associated with fiscal aspects or market backlashes, are attributed to HR failure. 2. Strategic failures: If some of the recently implemented marketing strategies are not well responded, the company should review them to identify the causes of failure. Failure may not be necessarily due to their inaptness but can happen because of numerous direct or indirect factors related to business. As far as the internal environment is concerned, a well designed strategy can be defeated just by the mibehaviour of one or more individuals. In other words, how well a strategy is implemented is more important than the quality of its design. 3. Unethical practices: Organizational misconduct is an important symptom that indicates the inevitability of change, perhaps specifically in the area of HRM and organizational structure. Most of the fraudulent activities occur due to the inefficient internal communication and auditing. Modern organizations heed genuine concern to enhance internal communication by integrating various departments with the help of web-based technologies. By doing so they can easily manage the problems associated with information sharing and problem solving. Diagnosing the cause is not the end but the initial step of any treatment process. Once the need for change is identified a firm has to proceed with designing and implementing relevant changes that would enhance the overall cohesion of the organisation. There are numerous issues an organisation has to take into consideration while initiating changes. As Dunphy (249) warns, most important one among them is to address employees’ resistance to change which would raise several ethical concerns. An organisational culture that was formed over years cannot be altered overnight. A change can take place successfully only if people in an organisation realise that the organisation must change its current culture and practices in order to ensure the firm’s sustainability and progress. However, the process requires mem bers’ deep understanding of the need for change, their commitment to accomplish it, and the effective way of deploying it. The understanding refers to the knowledge about the current culture and its impacts on the firm, the anticipated benefit of the new system, and the real goal it would achieve. This knowledge can be acquired by reviewing the extent to which the current culture has helped the firm to meet its mission, vision, and values with regard to business aims and social concerns. 2 Organisations